Miss Sahib by Ruth Prawer Jhabvala Free Essay Example, 1750 words

Yet her personal contact with her was mostly a unidirectional exchange from Sharmila’s side and none from her. Infact throughout the story, only the omniscient narrator seems to know the subjective position of Miss Tuhy and she never communicates with Sharmila (maybe she considers herself inexplicable to the Indian’s). She loves her role as the teacher and that of the one who instructs. This idea of Miss Tuhy about her capability of transference of knowledge from her to that of Sharmila was one of the â€Å"happiest times† for she not only taught, but most importantly, she liked the engrossed â€Å"eagerness† of Sharmila trying to learn, â€Å"sitting there with her all day long†. Whatever she had to offer filled her with a sense of importance and filled her solitary and friendless life with an engagement that was both intellectually as well as ideologically conducive to her idea of the colonizer. She thus enjoyed enlightening the people of India a nd enjoyed their simple lives from the point of view of a White English woman. She thought she knew what is good for her is good enough for Sharmila. We will write a custom essay sample on Miss Sahib by Ruth Prawer Jhabvala or any topic specifically for you Only $17.96 $11.86/pageorder now Therefore, when she found her â€Å"passionate reading of the romantic poets† were quite dissatisfying to Sharmila (who yawned unabashedly), she did not figure out why that was so. Instead of understanding that a native girl of her age would not actually understand something or care, to like something that held a great historical and creative importance for her. Her disillusionment followed when again she failed to understand Sharmila’s point of view when pined for home from Shimla. Miss Tuhy had described it with paradisiacal exuberance saying Sharmila’s children would get English rosy cheeks by going there and she thought that they would like sausages in the same manner like her and her inability to understand Sharmila’s rejection of her ideas (after she felt sorry for Sharmila for the life she was leading) made her bitter. This subconscious superiority with which she judged the Indians and which led to her disillusionm ent cannot lighten the fact that she was earnest at her efforts (the White man’s burden or here, the white woman’s burden). When she wanted to free Sharmila from her life of misery or when she thought that a change of place (that she considers quite ideal with English food and anglicized milieu), can help Sharmila lose her past. This becomes a subtle metaphor about the British process of acculturation2. Indeed, it was unsuccessful since she was measuring one culture from the point of view or partial eyes of another and she just assumed that Sharmila would like what she had to offer.

Accounting Equation The Double Entry Bookkeeping System

Accounting Equation Theory The accounting equation theory is also known as the double entry bookkeeping system. The accounting equation allows businesses, entrepreneurs and investors to keep track of every penny that is received or spent in a company. DOI:10.1080/09639284.2014.949803 The accounting equation is how the double entry bookkeeping system was established. The accounting equation represents the relationship that exists between assets, liabilities, and owner s/stockholder’s equity in a business. In order to read the balance sheet or income statement properly, it is necessary to understand this accounting equation. In addition, it is necessary to understand the accounting equation to understand the relationship that exists†¦show more content†¦This accounting equation/double entry system is also key to understanding the balance sheet. http://www.loscostos.info/financial-accounting/accounting-equation.html The development of the double entry bookkeeping system â€Å"marked the shift in bookkeeping from a mechanical task to a skilled craft, and represented the beginnings of the accounting profession. Historians generally accept that the Italian method of double entry bookkeeping, based upon making entries of equal amounts to the debit and credit of two different accounts, was the foundation for modern accounting.† DOI: 10.2308/accr-51115 The importance of the development of the double entry system (accounting equation) for accountants is that this system brought about the change from the mechanical task that almost anyone could do to the emergence of a skilled professional craft. DOI: 10.2308/accr-51115 The theory of the double entry system in accounting, is a system of bookkeeping so named because every entry to an account requires a corresponding and opposite entry to a different account in the financial statements of the company. Accounting systems consist of five major financial statements: a. Assets b. Liabilities c. Stockholder’s Equity d. Revenues e. Expenses In double entry, for every debit, there is an equal credit amount. The asset or any item in theShow MoreRelatedBookkeeping Essay974 Words   |  4 PagesBookkeeping Essay Sarah Kloft Kaplan University Professor Yancy July 17, 2012 Bookkeeping Essay Bookkeeping is an important aspect of any business. Bookkeeping can be defined as the practice of keeping the company’s books or records in an up-to-date and accurate manner (WiseGEEK, 2012). This allows the company to track in income and expenses of every day operations. 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Autoimmune Disease Called Lupus Health And Social Care Essay Free Essays

Lupus has no known cause, it is a complex disease. Lupus can be linked to familial, environmental, and hormonal factors. Scientists believe there is no individual cistron that give people lupus, but suggest the badness of the disease and which tissues and variety meats are affected. We will write a custom essay sample on Autoimmune Disease Called Lupus Health And Social Care Essay or any similar topic only for you Order Now SLE can impact the organic structure system otherwise individual to individual. These systems can be affected by lupus. The kidneys, this cause redness of the kidneys and can impair their ability to acquire rid of waste merchandise and other toxins from the organic structure. The lungs, people with lupus develop pleuritis, and redness of the liner of the chest pit that cause thorax hurting and they may besides acquire pneumonia. The cardinal nervous system, lupus affect the encephalon and can do concerns, giddiness, depression, memory perturbations, vision job ictuss, shot, or alterations in behaviour. The blood vass become inflames and impact the circulation through the organic structure. In the blood, people with lupus develop anaemia, leucopenia or thrombopenia. Thrombocytopenia is when the thrombocytes in the blood, that assist in coagulating are decrease in Numberss. In lupus the bosom can go inflamed besides destructing the bosom valves. A patient with lupus can besides hold s jogren syndrome. This cause dry eyes and dry oral cavity. The people with lupus will hold many different symptoms or oncomings. These symptoms are fatigue, hurting and puffiness in the articulations and musculuss, a batch like people with arthritis, clamber roseola that may look across the face, ear, upper weaponries, thorax, and organic structure parts expose to the Sun, photosensivity, unexplained febrilities, unwritten ulcers, pericarditis, concerns, giddiness, depression, confusion, ictuss, psychosis, unusual hair loss, picket or violet fingers or toes from emphasis or cold. These symptoms range from mild to severe and different from individual to individual ( 2011 ) Handout on wellness ) . SLE is a disease that is largely in immature adult females than in males. It is in the organic structure from birth to decease, and takes action between the age of 15 and 40. Because SLE often affects adult females of childbearing age, gestation is an of import issue. About 25 % of all babes born to female parents with SLE are premature ( 2011 ) Handout on wellness ) . Most babes born to female parents with SLE are normal. However, a rare status called neonatal lupus causes a babe of a female parent with SLE to develop a tegument roseola, liver or blood jobs, and a serious bosom conditions. In pregnant adult females, lupus can cause30 % them to hold a abortion ( Ferrara, E. ( 2010 ) . This disease is found in chiefly inkinesss. There is a possibility it can be found in Hispanics, Asians, and Native Americans. It is hard to name people with lupus.For the physician to state a patient they have lupus, When naming lupus, the physician looks at the medical history of that patient, a compl ete physical scrutiny, complete blood count, erythrocyte deposit rate, uranalysis, blood chemical sciences, complete degrees, anti-DNA, anti-Sm, anti-RNP, anti-Ro, antiaa‚ ¬ † La and anticardiolipin antibody trial. There are other laboratory trials to look into the advancement. The physician besides has the patient make some X raies and other imaging trial to look into for variety meats consequence by SLE ( 2011 ) Handout on wellness ) . It can take up old ages of proving.sometimes other disease will mime the lupus and new accruing symptoms can lift which would assist or do the diagnose take longer.one have to be really patient and willing as for the physician has to hold good cognition of the disease and good communication accomplishments.sometimes. Healthy people can prove positive for antinuclear antibodies due to an infection or an autoimmune disease and non hold lupus. In most people with lupus they test positive for antinuclear antibodies. If the organic structur e is infected the physicians may hold a biopsy ordered to look into their tegument and kidneys ( Ferrara, E. ( 2010 ) . There are several physicians involve in a patient attention. The physicians included are rheumatologists ( one who treats arthritis and inflammatory upsets of the immune system ) , an immunologist ( physician specialize in immune system upset ) , few nurses, psychologist, societal workers, skin doctor, nephrologist, haematologist, heart specialist, endocrinologist, and the brain doctor. Treatment for lupus is to forestall the flairs, handle them when they rise and to minimise organ harm. Doctors can learn a patient to acknowledge the warning mark of the flairs and being able to keep it. A physician may choose from legion intervention options, including ordering one or more drugs to antagonize hurting, redness, and related jobs ( Ferrara, E. ( 2010 ) . Lupus is non curable but it can be managed with medicines. Many patients are instructed to take Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs known as NSAIDS. It is used to handle musculoskeletal jobs and to assist keep febrilities. Hydroxcychloroquine ( Plaquenil ) and chloroquine ( Aralen ) is used to command SLE arthritis, roseolas, oral cavity ulcers, weariness and febrilities. These drugs sometimes take few months before taking affect. The physician will besides order corticosterohe AIDSs to assist with the cutaneal manifestations, arthritis and serositis. If the patient has major organ issues, the physician would order a higher dosage of steroid. They may be given 1 gm of methyprenisolone by endovenous bolus injection. Cytotoxic drugs can be given to handle musculuss or articulations, major variety meats like the kidneys. The patient taking these drugs need to be monitored for serious inauspicious drug reactions like bone narrow suppression and increased susceptibleness to infections ( Roone, J. ( 2005 ) . A figure of alternate interventions have been suggested to assist cut down the symptoms of SLE. There is stylostixis and massage for alleviating the hurting of sore articulations and musculuss. Stress direction, speculation, hypnotherapy, and yoga can be helpful in relaxation. Eating whole nutrients diet with decreased sums of ruddy meat and dairy merchandises can cut down hurting and redness. Food allergic reactions are believed either to lend to SLE or to originate as a effect of the digestive troubles. It may be good eating more fish that contain omega-3 fatty acids, like mackerel, pilchards, and salmon. Vitamins B, C, and E, every bit good as Se, Zn, Mg, and a complete hint mineral addendum have been suggested to better the wellness of SLE patients. Vitamin A is believed to assist better disklike tegument roseolas. Botanic medical specialty can assist the full organic structure through immune transition and detoxification, every bit good as helping single variety meats and system s. Homeopathy and flower kernels can work profoundly on the emotional degree to assist people with this hard disease ( Carson-DeWitt, R. ( 2006 ) . The Center for Disease Control and Prevention provinces that the morbidity and mortality can be due late diagnosing, jobs in entree attention, less effectual interventions, and hapless conformity with curative regiments. The needed, resource aa‚ ¬ † intense surveies are done in little countries. The estimation scope from 1.8 to 7.6 instances per 100,000 individuals per twelvemonth in the United States. I n 19979-1980 Numberss of decease with lupus increased from 879-1,406.Among adult females it is 5 ten higher than in work forces. In inkinesss the decease is 3x higher than in Whites. The cause of decease is chiefly because of organ failure like the kidney, infections and cardiovascular disease. The infirmary stay is longer due to a patient without lupus. In Lupus, the ambulatory attention was listed 1,032,000 in 2001-2005.There is no national cost listed. Populating with lupus can be really ambitious. The achings associated with lupus can be changeless and intolerable. When I wake in the forenoon, I feel like my organic structure went through a compactor. Geting out of bed takes so much out of me because of the tormenting hurting but I know by leting my organic structure to acquire in gesture. Once I get my organic structure in gesture, I feel better, nevertheless I do experience tyre and still see organic structure achings throughout the twenty-four hours. My degree of energy is low. Physical activity is non appealing. At the terminal of the twenty-four hours, am exhausted and the terrible hurting starts ( Annie Jolly,2011 ) . How to cite Autoimmune Disease Called Lupus Health And Social Care Essay, Essay examples

Comparative Business Sequence Analysis Business Frameworks

Question: Describe about the Comparative Business Sequence Analysis for Business Frameworks. Answer: Introduction BHP Billiton is an Australian conglomerate involved in mineral operations. It has also invested in other countries like Brazil, Peru and Colombia. BHP Billiton is an energy exporter and operates seven segments in mineral resources mainly, base metals, diamonds, stainless steel, liquefied natural gas, energy coal and oil (Axelrad and Kagan, 2000). BHP Billiton is in a process of splitting of its core assets in order to concentrate on products such as iron ore, copper, coal, oil and potash. As of March 1, 2016, came into effect a new operating model that will bring together the operations of the firm in three new areas: Oil, Minerals in the Americas and Australia. It was established in 2001 and is one of the biggest companies in Australia. It is also listed in the Australian stock exchange and several other countries globally establishing itself as one of the biggest mineral exploring company in the mining industry (DeSombre, 2006). It was formed after a merger between BHP and Billiton mining companies and its headquarters are in Melbourne, Australia. As of 2015 the number of employees working in BHP Billiton Australia were 29,670 according to the companies websites, however, the global mark stood at slightly more than 80,000 employees. Regulatory frameworks affecting multinational Multinational companies have come to control most strategic sectors of the world economy: energy, finance, telecommunications, health, agriculture, infrastructure, water, media, industries Armament and feeding. The capitalist crisis we live today has done nothing but strengthen the economic role and capacity of policy of large corporations influence, how soon do business with natural resources such as BHP Billiton, utilities and real estate speculation, as futures markets energy and food, patents on life or land (Dieterich, n.d.). With this in mind regulatory frameworks have been put by the various governments including the Australian government. Tax regulations The accumulated huge profits by transnational corporations have their origin in the mechanisms of extraction and appropriation of economic wealth that underlie the workings of capitalism (Haccius and OBÃÅ'â‚ ¬rien, 2001). The increasing exploitation of workers and the constant wage devaluation, unlimited pressure on the environment for raw materials and natural resources, financial speculation both the surplus obtained as anything that can be bought and sold, the commodification of more and more spheres of human activities and the priority enjoyed by the mechanisms of reproduction of capital against the processes that enable sustaining life have served effectively to key executives and shareholders of large corporations become billionaires. Characterizing the socio-ecological impacts of multinational Given the increasing poverty and global inequality and rising social rejection including miners in Australia that have been generated, large corporations seeking to build a story with which it can question its centrality in the global economy. it is convincing that companies are more part of the problem than are part of the solution. Generally speaking, companies rather than governments and civil society, are better prepared to be catalysts for innovation and transformation towards a sustainable world First, that transnational corporations like BHP Billiton have not contributed to an improvement in the quantity and quality of employment, nor the provision of the services they offer practically have not invested in maintenance, have hardly favored technology transfer processes and, the end of the day, they have not brought hand the progress and welfare for the people of the region, which was what was promised with arrival after privatization and neoliberal reforms of the eighties and nineties (Hornell and Vahlne, 2013). Second, along with economic considerations there is a whole list of serious social, political, environmental and cultural factors that are associated with the internationalization of business of these companies. And, thirdly, those who have gained thus have not been precisely the working classes and social majorities, but the owners of those companies, recipients of capital income and politicians and businessmen who have made gold through the revolving doors that connect the public sector and the business world. Benefits transfer. Sometimes multinationals transfer the benefits of the parent company, based in a European country with high tax burden, to group subsidiaries located in Australia with low or no taxation.. This trap is that a multinational based in the Australia creates a subsidiary in a country with low taxes, which in turn grants a loan to the parent company. Thus the multinational based company ends up paying high interest rates that reduce your tax bill. The directive will limit the amount of interest that a large group can be deduced. This will increase the amount of taxes you pay. Double taxation of dividends. Dividends entering the EU from third countries are often exempt from taxation to avoid double taxation. Some multinationals exploit this exemption to benefit from double non-taxation, that is, simply to escape the tax. This occurs when a company based in the EU invests in a company located in a non- country with low tax burden. Transfer of intellectual property- Often, assets such as intellectual property or patents, are not taxed when transferred from one member state to a country. The tax reform requires intellectual property and patent output. The aggressive tax planning- Multinationals who practice seeking a way around the rules and find loopholes in tax legislation of BHP Billiton policies in countries. For these cases, the new policy includes an anti-abuse clause to unmounts overall fiscal practices not covered by previous cases. Environmental and workers rights regulations Moreover, the Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation of the state, through the Inspectorate of Mines, supports the safety and health at the sites, ensuring that they adopt safety standards; forming a board of examiners that sets standards and competencies in mining safety, along with a series of examinations and issuance of certificates of fitness. This organization seeks to effectively respond to accidents and incidents in the mines, making reports to enable improvements in the industry and thus to prevent future accidents. Guidance Note in the month of this document using, Safe Work Analysis, a tool that helps identify and assess risks within a site is presented. The Minerals Council of Australia, through the Health and Safety Committee, seeks to end fatalities, injuries and illnesses in the mining work. It uses a program that rewards companies according to their performance in security, and transmits their experiences to other organizations (Jones, Guthrie and Steane, 2001). This body, pursues its objectives through four working groups focused on different areas: leadership, recognition, health and law. Mining laws In Queesland, the Health and Safety Regulation of Mines and Quarries was renovated in 2001, emphasizing the work into three parts: identification, assessment and hazard control. Treaties and impact to companys products. One of the treaties signed by BHP Billiton is called treaty 6 territory, the company signed an opportunities agreement with Saskatchewan that allowed them to participate in the Jansen Potash project. This treaty was signed on January 2014. Some of the benefits of this treaty include commitments by the company to start initiatives meant to build capacity in education , labor force development and training (Ricardo, 2001). The companys aim is to create as well as maintain a meaningful long term relationship with the communities in which their projects are located. This is one of the many treaties and agreements that BHP Billiton has signed to endear itself to the members of the public. There is a positive effect on the products for the company. Multi national corporations remain unpunished to their numerous abuses and multiple violations of human rights worldwide. There is apparently no national or global legal and judicial system, able to prosecute them, you can not even speak of a real capacity to regulate their activities. In short, there is a global legal architecture of impunity for Multi National Corporation, the result of a political and legal offensive of Multinational capital of deep draft that has been developed mainly in the last three decades. For these reasons, from civil society organizations, it has emerged the idea of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹responding to a global campaign to medium term cannot be other than the transformation of the legal architecture. Given the global impunity, People have propose the construction of an International Treaty of the Peoples of principles, but fundamentally binding rules governing the power of Multinationals corporations and stop their abuses and human rights violations worldwide. It is widely recognized that Multinational corporations such as BHP Billiton are responsible for numerous abuses and multiple violations of human rights in all its dimensions and worldwide fact. Likewise are the main agents of environmental destruction; They are guilty of real ecological crimes. And yet, they benefit from a high degree of impunity. There is apparently no national or global legal and judicial system, able to prosecute them. There is no real capacity to regulate their activities. Possibly there are rules in the core countries of capitalism, where generally found their parent companies, which sometimes are effective, but not the case in the peripheral economies where they use their enormous economic, political and even ideological weight for the benefit of their corporate interests (SaÃÅ' ez, 2013). The overall effect is to evade any regulation since the characteristic of the Multinational corporation is precisely the mobility and flexibility, its operation worldwid e, transcending borders and national jurisdictions. But this privileged status is not explained by the obsolescence of legal systems or blow off traditional regulatory inefficiencies. On the contrary, it is the result of a real campaign forward by the companies themselves and crowned by successive successes especially since the eighties with the onset and peak of neoliberalism. Campaign has progressed in two ways. On the one hand, the dismantling of all previous attempts at regulation and control, being replaced by a demanding protection framework called "investor rights". This framework, progressive development, is expressed both in the WTO and many multilateral and bilateral free trade agreements and notably in "bilateral treaties promotion and protection of investments" manner. From the institutional point of view, TNCs have achieved a significant transformation of the philosophy underpinning the global order and its instances and practices, starting with the organization of the United Nations to join as equivalent to national stat es actors. It is the essence of the known Global Compact or Global Compact was proposed in 1998 and officially launched in 2000. The common practice of large TNCs pressing is thus legitimized within N.U. and all kinds of agencies and multilateral agencies. This offer, popularized the slogan of "corporate social responsibility" not only does not represent any regulation for MNCs but becomes a way of legitimizing their activities. In practice, a marketing strategy that constitutes a real advertising campaign currently underway worldwide. In summary, it can be said that the current situation, characterized by a global legal architecture of impunity for TNCs, is the result of a political and legal offensive of Multinational capital of deep draft that has been developed mainly in the three decades. It is for all these reasons, from civil society organizations, has emerged the idea of à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã¢â‚¬ ¹responding to a global campaign to medium term can not be other than the transformation of the legal architecture (SaÃÅ' ez, 2013). In the understanding, of course, it is fundamentally a political campaign because it represents a change in power relations. TheCommitmentlinks the release ofprogressively moreconsumersas well asnations with the interdependenceof all themembersin the worldcommunity .Thusit seemednot balancedandthe crisis of the seventieshave an effect onprimarilyto developingnations. Thedevelopmentofa completely newinternational economic orderought to be based on sovereign equality ,globalcooperationas well as theremovalof imbalances .The rightof everycountry to adopt the economicas well associal system that it deems bestwithcompletesovereignty overits ownnatural resourcesas well as othereconomic activities . The regulationand alsosupervision of the activities of Multinational companiesthrough measures for national economies .Offeringguidanceto developingnationsas well aspeoples and territories under colonial domination . The establishment ofa reasonableand equitable relationship between the prices ofunprocessed materials, primary products , manufactured goodsas well assemi-manufactured exporting to developingnationsand pr ices of raw materials ,products, manufactured goods , goods capital and equipment imported , in order to achieve continuous improvement in their unsatisfactory terms of trade and the expansion of the world economy . Conclusion The treaties signed by Multinational Companies enable the companies not to contravene international laws that have been set for consumer protection. Such treaties enables the company to have a mutual relationship with people in the community they operate in (Treaty series, n.d.). Some of the benefits that accrue from the treaties that BHP Billiton is improving the lives of people by building capacity through training, labor improvement and on the other hand the products of the company are well accepted by the community. References Axelrad, L. and Kagan, R. (2000).Regulatory encounters. Berkeley: University of California Press. Banks, D. (n.d.).The Mining industry. DeSombre, E. (2006).Flagging standards. Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press. Dieterich, C. (n.d.).Comparative sequence analysis and association mining in gene regulation]. Gowrisankaran, G., He, C., Lutz, E. and Burgess, J. (n.d.).Productivity, safety, and regulation in coal mining. Haccius, C. and OBÃÅ'â‚ ¬rien, P. (2001).Double taxation agreements. Dublin: Institute of Taxation in Ireland. Hornell, E. and Vahlne, J. (2013).Multinationals. Hoboken: Taylor and Francis. Jones, L., Guthrie, J. and Steane, P. (2001).Learning from international public management reform. Bingley, U.K: Emerald. Overview of best practice environmental management in mining. (2002). [Canberra, A.C.T.]: Environment Australia. Ricardo, D. (2001).On the principles of political economy and taxation. London: Electric Book Co. SaÃÅ' ez, S. (2013).Let workers move. Washington, DC: World Bank. Smethurst, J. and Carter, P. (2009).Historical directory of trade unions. Farnham, England: Ashgate. The Australian Government response to the Productivity Commission inquiry report. (2013). [Canberra]: Department of Resources, Energy and Tourism]. Thompson, P. and Macklin, R. (2009).The big fella. North Sydney, N.S.W.: Random House. Treaty series. (n.d.). .

How To Write a Love Story To Avoid Vanilla Cliches

Writing a love story that doesnt smack of clichà © is a lot harder than you might think. Ask any writer and theyll tell you that love stories and love scenes are in fact very challenging to narrate. Many actors also express difficulty in nailing love scenes. They fear theyre being melodramatic and not genuine. What is it about love stories that makes them so tricky to get right? The biggest factor is that love stories hinge on the intangible. Its all about emotion and emotional build-up. And the inexplicable connections that make people fall in love. How do you capture that without sounding corny? Here are some tips on how to deliver the goods the right way: Focus on the Characters Its easy to overdo the emotional narrative of a love story. But, in the end, that actually makes the reader less emotionally invested. As in any story, the characters have to have something that anchors them to this world. Who are they? What drives them? What makes the reader able to identify with them? When you develop characters who look, act and talk like real people then you have a chance at writing a good love story between them. Wheres the Tension? Whos watched a film about a love story where theres no sexual tension between the main characters? Isnt it painful to watch? Doesnt it make your skin crawl? Or make you wish you had the power to be in the room to shout â€Å"No!† when the casting director made this awful mistake? Well, reading a love story can be exactly the same. That is, if the characters havent been given the emotional build-up they deserve in order to make their story exciting. Creating tension has a few different elements. Whether this is a doomed romance or one with a happy ending, this is love were talking about and therefore it should have that feeling of jumping off a cliff. Even if the characters live in suburban Pennsylvania and drive SUVs, the vulnerability and emotional risk of falling in love should be present in the story. In fact, please do write about people who live in Suburban Pennsylvania and drive SUVs. Writing about ordinary people having an extraordinary experience by meeting each other and falling in love is a great way to build tension. Throw In Some Conflict Maybe your protagonists arent Romeo and Juliet, but it wouldnt hurt to throw in some conflict to spice things up. Maybe one of them has a jealous ex. Or a child who wont accept the new partner. Maybe theyre colleagues at work. Or shes his boss (avoid stereotyping!). Or one of them is a priest or a nun. What are the hurdles they have to get over in order to be together? Big or small, conflict makes the story tellable. Nobody rushes to call a friend to say, â€Å"I just couldnt wait to tell you how incredibly easy my day has been!† Conflict makes things interesting and makes the reader beg to discover how its going to be resolved. If your characters just fall perfectly into each others lives and every page is about how smoothly everything is going, dont be surprised if you have some angry readers on your hands by the end. Dont Go There Avoid stereotyping both the men and the women in your story. You know what I mean: the helpless woman and the manly man. Corseted damsels and sword-bearing knights, princesses and princes. Make your characters as real as you can. Avoid these cliches, unless youre doing a unique spin on a tired theme then its okay. Dare To Be Different So what should you write about? Good writing is original yet familiar. Realistic yet surprising. Woody Allens Annie Hall includes a scene where he asks a couple on the street what the secret to their happiness is. The woman replies that â€Å"Im really shallow and empty and have nothing interesting to say.† And the man adds, â€Å"Im exactly the same way.† Lets hope that your characters go beyond that. Check out this list of unusual love stories for some inspiration. Get the Language Right Avoid the romance novel cliches that involve words like moaning, groaning, rippling, aching, burning, urging, yearning etc. This is perhaps the biggest challenge in a love story to describe the characters feelings without resorting to any of these cheesy terms. If you cant think of original ways to express these things, take a different angle. Focus on the events, the conflict, the characters and tell the story from that perspective without the emotional interludes. Theres a Thin Line Between Love and Porn Okay, its a love story, so we all know that the characters love each other and want to rip each others clothes off. Thats a given. But when it comes time for them to actually do that (that is if you even choose to write the love scene at all) be careful not to be too graphic, crass or pornographic. Otherwise, its not really a love story, but more of a story for Penthouse. While writing the love scene, ask yourself: does it deepen the readers understanding of the characters? Has something changed between them after this scene? Does it help move the story forward? Does it help the reader understand more about love, sex and relationships? Keep It Real If you want to be graphic, try another tack. Take author Rachel Toors advice, â€Å"I think love scenes are better with farts or fear of farts, worries about bad breath, wondering about the state of ones underthings, concerns about parts left too long un-groomedin life getting jiggy entails the incredible and terrifying act of coming this close to another person that can be messy, smelly and often pretty darned funny.† Being ultra-realistic is certainly a way to avoid clichà ©. Author Caitlin Morans autobiography How To Be A Woman also has some hilarious chapters that deal with the physical paranoias that come with sex and dating. Check it out for more reality-driven inspiration.

Free Essays on Grapes of Wrath

THE GRAPES OF WRATH The Grapes of Wrath is a novel by John Steinbeck that exposes the desperate conditions under which the migratory farm families of America during the 1930’s lived under. The novel tells of a family known as the Joads migration west to california through the great economic depression of the 1930’s. the Joad family had to abandon their home and their livelihoods. They had to uproot and set adrift because tractors were rapidly industrializing their farms. The bank took possessions of their land because the owners could not pay off their loan. One of the biggest problems faced is the fact that the great depression is in its prime. After reading this novel I was able to tell that the great depression is the main cause and sound basis for the novel. The government started playing a major role in agriculture during and after the Great Depression of the 1930’s. It acted primarily to restrict output in order to keep prices high. The growth of agricultural productivity depended on the accompanying industrial revolution that freedom stimulated. So then came new machines that revolutionized agriculture. Conversely, the industrial revolution depended on the availability of the manpower released by the agricultural revolution. One could say that the depression that started was like a catastrophe of unprecedented dimension for the United States. The nations dollar income was cut in half before the economy hit bottom in the 1933. The total output fell by a third, and unemployment reached 25 percent of the work force. The depression was something that hit other countries, and it brought lower output, higher unemployment, hunger and misery everywhere. Today we have jobs that are disappearing for good. Some are the result of normal changing of the economic cycle, but most recently it... Free Essays on Grapes of Wrath Free Essays on Grapes of Wrath Essay On Hamlet Hamlet’s tragic flaw is his difficulty deciding when to act on what he knows what he most do and timing for his actions and inactions. These flaws not only ruin his plans for revenge but also contribute to his death. The king was dead of murder, betrayed from his own brother and Hamlet turned away from the incest of his mother. One would think that an act of revenge would be taken quickly while in-raged, instead Hamlet made his plans for revenge over a large amount of time, which reveals his weakness inaction. Hamlet was full of grand ideas and intentions but failed to act and to carry out his revenge, the fall of Claudius. Why did Hamlet choose, and it was a choice, not to take revenge on Claudius quickly and decisively? Hamlet had his own reasons for inaction; the strategy that he felt best suited his revenge. Hamlet was undoubtedly an unpredictable character, and throughout the play it seemed as though the thoughts of his mind came too quickly for the actions of his body to keep up with. Nearly all of Hamlet’s actions, with the exception of his outburst at Ophelia’s grave, were preplanned and precisely calculated. His inborn thought process delayed his revenge, and while Hamlet may have appeared inmourning with inaction, the wheels in his mind never stopped turning. Hamlet questioned everything, including the validity of his own father’s ghost, and this questioning slowed down Hamlet’s ability to take action. Hamlet may have thought too much for his own good at times; he wrestled with many ideas, thoughts, and feelings over the course of the play, delaying any real action until the time, in his eyes, was right. Hamlet was very much a perfectionist in revenge. He wanted everything to be perfect, and this caused him to take unusual and unique steps to gain his revenge on Claudius. Hamlet’s play within a play, a brilliant scheme in which he caught the conscience of the king, was a prime example of the ... Free Essays on Grapes Of Wrath THE GRAPES OF WRATH The Grapes of Wrath is a novel by John Steinbeck that exposes the desperate conditions under which the migratory farm families of America during the 1930’s lived under. The novel tells of a family known as the Joads migration west to california through the great economic depression of the 1930’s. the Joad family had to abandon their home and their livelihoods. They had to uproot and set adrift because tractors were rapidly industrializing their farms. The bank took possessions of their land because the owners could not pay off their loan. One of the biggest problems faced is the fact that the great depression is in its prime. After reading this novel I was able to tell that the great depression is the main cause and sound basis for the novel. The government started playing a major role in agriculture during and after the Great Depression of the 1930’s. It acted primarily to restrict output in order to keep prices high. The growth of agricultural productivity depended on the accompanying industrial revolution that freedom stimulated. So then came new machines that revolutionized agriculture. Conversely, the industrial revolution depended on the availability of the manpower released by the agricultural revolution. One could say that the depression that started was like a catastrophe of unprecedented dimension for the United States. The nations dollar income was cut in half before the economy hit bottom in the 1933. The total output fell by a third, and unemployment reached 25 percent of the work force. The depression was something that hit other countries, and it brought lower output, higher unemployment, hunger and misery everywhere. Today we have jobs that are disappearing for good. Some are the result of normal changing of the economic cycle, but most recently it... Free Essays on Grapes of Wrath Misfit to Madonna: Rose of Sharon’s Transformation When Rose of Sharon is first introduced in The Grapes of Wrath, we learn that she is expecting a child from her new husband, Connie Rivers. She is described as a mystical being whose primary concern is the well-being of her child, even at the almost ridiculously early stage of her pregnancy at the start of the novel. It is this concern that illustrates Rose of Sharon’s transformation from misfit to Madonna through the Joad’s journey. Rose of Sharon incessantly asks Ma Joad if â€Å"it’ll hurt the baby† throughout a majority of the novel, and adopts an attitude of superiority over others with her precious possession. She all but refuses to help the family pack the truck for California for fear of disturbing her fetus, even though she knows her help is needed. Her selfish antics and complaints are patiently absorbed by Ma, who tolerates her primarily because of her condition. Rose of Sharon knows that she is now an exception to the normal rules and exploits her position to its fullest potential. During the journey Rose of Sharon and Connie pass the time by dreaming of the idyllic life they will lead when they reach California. Connie says he will open a repair shop and buy a white house with a fence and an icebox and a car and a crib, all before the baby is born; all hopelessly idealistic and almost completely detached from reality. Every intention, though, is for the baby so that it may have a perfect life from the very moment it is born. In the face of hardships, Rose of Sharon comforts herself by remembering these dreamlike goals of her family and even reminds others of them, intending to lift the burden of reality. She does so when the sheriff threatens the roadside families to leave or be jailed. She tells Ma of Connie’s plans for California, which have nothing to do with the situation at that moment. This escape only proves to ultimately hurt Rose of Sharon and Connie; ... Free Essays on Grapes of Wrath Life Before Man: Novel Summary and Research Plot Summary A) As Margaret Atwood’s Life Before Man begins, the reader is introduced to the initial characters Elizabeth, her husband Nate and their children Janet and Nancy. The reader is also familiarized with Chris, Elizabeth’s former lover who has just taken his own life. The novel begins in Toronto in 1976, ending in 1978. The main storyline, Elizabeth’s affair and the decay of her marriage, is also presented. B) Life Before Man ‘s inciting incident occurs as Elizabeth changes visibly with the suicide of her lover. Once a devoted wife and mother, she has abandoned cooking and cleaning, opting for hours spent in bed. She gives her husband and children little attention and even banishes Nate to a separate bedroom. She removes herself from reality, but allows no one to enter her world. Nate is forced to give up his career as a lawyer, as juggling both his and his wife’s former role becomes too challenging. C) The rising action revolves around the complicated affairs that result in the end of Elizabeth and Nate’s marriage. The rising action begins as Nate has an affair of his own, becoming involved with one of his wife’s coworkers, Lesje. Elizabeth then plots revenge, sleeping with William, a man also involved with Lesje. D) The crisis is observed at Christmas, when Elizabeth invites each of the adulterous characters to dinner. A confrontation is unexpectedly provoked as the guests indulge in an after dinner game of â€Å"survival†. In the playing the game, each character must reveal why he or she feels that he or she should remain on the lifeboat and not be thrown overboard. The game results in number of emotional confessions from its participants and Elizabeth, whose family has become threatened by the couple’s infidelities, contemplates suicide. E) The climax is then reached as Elizabeth asks Nate to move out. She feels their marriage has suffered enough and looks... Free Essays on Grapes Of Wrath In the novel, The Grapes of Wrath, John Steinbeck brings to the reader a variety of diverse and greatly significant characters. However, the majority of each characters’ individuality happens to lie within what they symbolize in the nature of the Joad family and their acquaintances, which itself stands for the entire migrant population of the Great Depression era. One such character is that of Jim Casey, a former preacher and long-time friend of the Joads. In Steinbeck’s, The Grapes of Wrath, Jim Casey represents a latter-day Christ figure who longs to bring religious stability to the burgeon of migrant families facing West. Steinbeck manages to give Jim Casey the exact initials as the historical savior (J.C.), which allows the reader to latch onto this connection from the beginning. Yet, Casey’s relation to Christ â€Å"goes beyond such mere coincidences, and plays out rather in their similar plans of action† (Johnson 19). One of the many similarities between Casey and Christ is that Casey had also drifted out to the forests in order to "soul-search" and discover the answers to sometimes hidden questions. In this particular situation, Casey himself states the comparison of Christ’s and his actions while giving a grace at the Joad’s breakfast table, "...I been in the hills, thinkin’, almost you might say like Jesus went into the wilderness to think His way out of a mess of troubles." (Steinbeck 104) Casey further goes on during his rather rambling grace, "I got tired like Him...I got mixed up like Him...I went into the wilderness like Him, without no campin’ stuff." (Steinbeck 105) With Casey’s ... Free Essays on Grapes Of Wrath THE GRAPES OF WRATH The Grapes of Wrath is a novel by John Steinbeck that exposes the desperate conditions under which the migratory farm families of America during the 1930’s lived under. The novel tells of a family known as the Joads migration west to california through the great economic depression of the 1930’s. the Joad family had to abandon their home and their livelihoods. They had to uproot and set adrift because tractors were rapidly industrializing their farms. The bank took possessions of their land because the owners could not pay off their loan. One of the biggest problems faced is the fact that the great depression is in its prime. After reading this novel I was able to tell that the great depression is the main cause and sound basis for the novel. The government started playing a major role in agriculture during and after the Great Depression of the 1930’s. It acted primarily to restrict output in order to keep prices high. The growth of agricultural productivity depended on the accompanying industrial revolution that freedom stimulated. So then came new machines that revolutionized agriculture. Conversely, the industrial revolution depended on the availability of the manpower released by the agricultural revolution. One could say that the depression that started was like a catastrophe of unprecedented dimension for the United States. The nations dollar income was cut in half before the economy hit bottom in the 1933. The total output fell by a third, and unemployment reached 25 percent of the work force. The depression was something that hit other countries, and it brought lower output, higher unemployment, hunger and misery everywhere. Today we have jobs that are disappearing for good. Some are the result of normal changing of the economic cycle, but most recently it... Free Essays on Grapes Of Wrath The Grapes of Wrath By: John Steinback Throughout history, more than one great event has happened that captured the attention of onlookers, not only the onlookers of that time, but also onlookers that were yet to come. Textbooks captured these events, and they were preserved in the hearts of the people. However, some less recognized events that occurred throughout the times that were not brought to the attention of most. These depended on the exploits of the pioneers in writing to preserve these occurrences, so that the people of the future would remember. The Grapes of Wrath is such a book, in which a less known historic event that had a great impact on some people and was an important part of history was documented and preserved for the future to see. In The Grapes of Wrath, John Steinback speaks of the ongoing tirade hovering over the never-ending cycle of unemployment, and the quest for stability, independence, and happiness. This book opens at the scene of the aftermath of a typical dust storm. It is apparent that these conditions are not by any means rare or unique, but rather common everyday scenes. The sand has settled, the male villagers are reviewing the damage, and their women and children sit quietly waiting for the men. The chapter is passive, and speaks of and to no one in particular, but rather to all people as a general whole. In the next chapter, the book begins a narrative of the Tom Joad, an ex-convict searching for his family after a four-year sentence. This narrative also takes place in Oklahoma. This alternating pattern between passive historical chapters that involve no direct action, and those of historical-fiction chapters, continues to alternate throughout the book, with the historical chapters extending in length from one to three chapters at a time, and the fictional chapters extending no longer than one chapter at a time. Steinback expressed the feelings of the different characters, the central the... Free Essays on Grapes of Wrath John Steinbeck’s classic novel, The Grapes of Wrath follows the trials and tribulations of Tom Joad and his family, along with a supporting cast of characters which includes members of Tom’s family, as well as local people. When Tom is released from prison after serving four years for the crime of manslaughter, he begins to return to his family’s farm in the infamous â€Å"Dust Bowl†. Eventually, he meets another main character in this book, Jim Casy, who is a former preacher who seems to value the importance of human contact as something quite holy. Tom and Jim together travel to the Joad’s residence, only to learn that his family is at his Uncle John’s house. There they are planning the long trip to California in search of jobs with high wages, as is promised by the handbills posted all over the Oklahoma landscape California land-owners. It is there that they feel their fiduciary troubles will end. Unfortunately for the Joads, California does anything but solve their problems. Tom’s grandparents die en route, Tom’s younger sister, Rose of Sharon, is pregnant and thinks she might lose the baby, jobs become difficult to find, and all the camps are full of people in similar or worse situations. This new wave of immigrants into California angers the already overcrowded population. Jim Casey is arrested by the local law enforcement because of an argument between them and Tom for which he gets blamed. Eventually, the Joads’ find a government-run camp in which they pick fruit. The police attempt to stage a riot in order to justify breaking up the camp, but Tom helps the men diffuse the situation. After this, the Joads once again set out to find new work. Again, Tom meets up with Jim along the way, who has been released from prison. He is now working to unite the migrant farmworkers into a solidified front commonly known as a union. They are discovered by the police and Jim is shot and killed by one of them....

The Salesperson Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

The Salesperson - Essay Example The advise will usually, but not limited to, be related to the circumstance surrounding the product and services that the salesperson is offering (Bathrooms+Kitchens magazine, 2003). A salesperson is also expected to have understanding with the customer and appreciate what they are trying to accomplish. And finally, the most important task of a salesperson is to 'seal the deal' or make a sale by using the most effective technique of 'negotiating', as more and more customers are demanding for discounts and attractive 'bargains', demands like these are often 'fuelled' by the trends in the advertising industry', such as 'buy dining table now and pay later' with further 0% interest rate offer. Furthermore, the salesperson is expected to be likeable by his prospective customers. 'People buy people first' is an old concept but still holds true in modern times. For salespeople to be successful, they should be approachable and can readily explain to the customer regarding advise and most especially the information of the product or services being offered (Bathrooms+Kitchens magazine, 2003). However, the role of a salesperson has been changing radically over couple of years and will further continue to change as influenced by the revolution in the business sector such as globalization (Appleton associates, n.d.). The number of salesperson required in today's competitive world is also significantly reduced and continue with down trend. In previous years, there were over 1 million salespeople in the United Kingdom, but now there are only an estimated 500,000 salespeople. This is almost 50% reduction in the selling profession. Modern technology have much to do with this trend. Product policies, transportation and advertisements have all influenced the decline in the needed salespeople especially in the fast-moving products. However, due to increased competition and awareness, the much needed professionalism of salespeople are even more required in order to stay competitive (CIM analyst, 2000). 'The days of the solo salesman roaming around his territory looking for the next sale are gone-the selling role is now more complex than cold calling' (Bulletpoint, n.d.). Undoubtedly, the most important factor in changing the role of a salesperson in today's world is the changing attitudes and priorities of the customers as well as the development of mass media and the internet. Most customers of today are more informed, through television and other mass media, about the goods and services that a salesperson might offer. In fact, some customers are even more aware of the information of the competitor's products or services than the salesperson himself. This situation could lead to embarrassment on the part of the salesperson. Customers are putting much emphasis on how the product is acquired rather than the quality of the product itself. Customers nowadays are less affected by the salesperson's 'competence or behaviour, and the use of 'traditional techniques of selling has little n egative or no effect at all on customer's decision to purchase the goods or services being offered by the salesperson (Bulletpoint, n.d.). Today, being adequate is no longer that is needed for salespeople to succeed in getting sales. Salespeople have to be

Final Paper- Research Proposal Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Final Paper- Research Proposal - Essay Example In the country, water scarcity is believed to be part of the reasons for civil conflict as accompanied by instances of high poverty rates, high population density and income inequalities. In the urban migrant settings, religious, ethnic and class differences are believed to exacerbate the community-wide patterns of adapting to environmental scarcities due to water conflicts. Therefore, the understanding of the nature of conflicts in these region requires not only the spatial investigation as shall be conducted by this study, but also in-depth socio-economic study of the factors that might result in the situation (Hay 145-148). This research proposal shall be guided by these perspectives in assessing the spatial impacts of water scarcity in Villa Israel, Bolivia, an area in which water scarcity conflicts have been part of normal life for an extensive duration. This is because, with each seasonal water shortage, the residents of the area are often forced to make hard decisions on their usage of available social and economic resources. As a result, the current result will add to the informational bank on the matter by bridging the information gap that has existed in relation to the reciprocity and sociability aspects of the subject matter. The general objective of this study shall be to assess the severity of water scarcity in the region by determining its spatial impacts on the reciprocal and social relationship exchanges in the marginal setting. This shall be studied alongside minor objectives such as: a. To document the water scarcity incidence in the research community through development and testing of scales for water consumptions and interviews on the water use by households based on proximity to the water sources. The general methodology that shall be applied in this study shall be a descriptive research design that focus on the ethnographic perspectives of the study to yield data for analysis. The target population for the study shall be the

The Strategy of Economic Development and World Trade Via Free Markets Essay

The Strategy of Economic Development and World Trade Via Free Markets - Essay Example Patriotic consumption is brought out by the author as it becomes clear following a terrorist act that occurred in 2001. Due to the event, there were many claims by the public figures that the individuals were patriotic in spending their money in the place to stimulate the economy of the country. Due to the event that occurred, the people would be much concerned with personal and family affairs without the observation of the economic objectives of the country. it was noted that Americans had rationales to shopping before the attack occurred but this reduced as there were other new considerations when they did their shopping. According to Murray, preppies are the ones that can be used in the context to bring about linking of the roles. The link comes as the students are able to develop some moderate amount of discipline. Most successful students in their studies are those that have developed discipline and work extra hard in their studies. The students should find time out of class by getting themselves involved in recreational activities such as fine arts or enjoying a beautiful scene. This allows them to show knowledge and appreciation to the scenes. Partying is viewed as an event that enables one to forget about some factors though the event should be restricted to weekends only. Additional self-indulgence is required in activities that are daily carried out and they should be combined with self-discipline. When these practices are considered, there is taking the form of displaying better quality in the activities and goods that one uses (Milner, 78).

Perspectives of Dyslexia

Perspectives of Dyslexia Historically, dyslexia has been explained by three contending perspectives: visual deficit, phonological deficit and cerebellar deficit. Discuss, with reference to Frith (1999), whether these deficit perspectives can be reconciled. This decisive essay will discuss the three contending perspectives of dyslexia and whether these deficit perspectives can be submissive according to Frith (1999). A definition of dyslexia would be outlined as well as a brief background on the three contending perspectives. Furthermore, Frith (1999) article would be discussed including a detailed explanation of Friths three levels of framework and the environmental, cognitive and biological aspects of it and also emphasizing the advantages and disadvantages of frith framework. In addition academic literature and journals will be implemented to sustain the understanding of dyslexia and the contending perspectives, thus making it effective visually. The term dyslexia involves difficulties in learning to read and write. But this is not the only form of difficulty that dyslexic people experience. Dyslexic people usually have difficulties with verbal and visual information. One common example can be learning the sounds of the letters of the alphabet, but this also can affect dyslexic people to learn and remember the names of many objects as well. Usually, dyslexic people have difficulty in learning phonological information in short term memory, any processing of verbal information will be difficult. Mental arithmetic is also another form of difficulty of dyslexia, mathematic can experience difficulties because of the coding that is required often in learning the symbols and functions of mathematics. Also directional confusion is also common in dyslexia; they find it hard to remember and recall left and right. The term ‘Dyslexia means much more in society today than two decades ago. Dyslexia was used to describe different outline of acquired dyslexia and been investigated for almost 100 years. There is a historic difference between the term Dyslexia and the ideas that follow it: ‘learning needs and ‘integration or the term ‘word blindness which was used first by Kussmaul (1877) to differentiate the particular type of speech difficulty which is caused by the left side of the brain controlling speech. Frith (1999) states The definition and explanation of dyslexia have long been problematic (p, 192). As a significant term, Dyslexia transpired rather recently in the history of special education. The history of Dyslexia still traces experiences of the ongoing progression into the present decade, on providing an idea of separate ‘special education for dyslexia pupil in development. The definition of dyslexia has changing according to the increase of knowledge and understanding over the years of debates on dyslexia. There have been many approaches in defining dyslexia, such as exclusion, discrepancy and identification of positive indicators. Frith (1999) stresses the definition of dyslexia Dyslexia can be defined as a neuro-developmental disorder with a biological origin and behavioural signs which extend far beyond problems with written language. At the cognitive level, putative causes of the behavioural signs and symptoms of the condition can be specified (p, 192). In the late 1970s, Uta frith changed from primarily visual theory to a phonological theory. Frith has investigated the cognitive phenotype, which is a difficulty in accessing internally characterize structure of words. In the cross-cultural European project, frith demonstrate that the brain basis of dyslexia in French, Italian and English is the same, although the expression of dyslexia in reading and spelling shows difference in the three countries. Uta Frith (1999) has presented an encouraging framework for thinking about the nature of developmental difficulties. Frith implied that there are three main contending perspectives on any particular developmental condition: a behavioural, cognitive and biological one. And also there are environmental factors that can have a part in the image of these contending perspectives. Friths biological and cognitive perspectives propose theoretical description that involves investigational substantiation, where else the behavioural perspectives lean to be less discussed and questioned because the behaviours can be directly experimental and analysed. The cognitive perspectives seem to describe the processes, which sort of explain how the biological and behavioural explanations plan on to each other. For example, if an area of the brain is damaged (biological perspective), the damaged area would be incapable to store new long-term memories (behavioural perspective) because the brain is unable to function the damaged area, and so it is not capable of transmitting new information from short-term to long-term areas (cognitive perspective). Friths framework highlights the theoretical explanations of dyslexia. Friths framework echoes the levels to which perspectives in psychology can be seen as rather opposite, differing and parallel. It is suggested that when discussing explanations of ‘abnormal development, it is immoral to think that biological and cognitive perspectives are challenging with each other or competing. In fact, it can be seen differently as cognitive and biological models can be complementary rather than contradictory. It is noticed that many description of dyslexia aim to a difficulty with several aspects of memory. This is because people with dyslexia have difficulty with tasks such as mental arithmetic, writing and reading and learning new information, this requires short-term memory processing in the brain. Yet still, these tasks have an additional quality in common, they hold a phonological component. This involves the processing of speech sounds in short term memory. So it is likely to suggest that the deficit in phonological processing may give an account of dyslexia. To be able to understand the impact of why phonological deficit have an effect on writing and reading, it is important to understanding how people with dyslexia naturally learn to read. It is still know clearly understood whether the phonological deficit is connected to the encoding or retrieval of phonological demonstration in memory. While there may be evidence that phonological processes difficulties in processing information in short-term memory, there is also an assumption that the way the information is corresponded to and stored in long-term memory could also further explicate the poor presentation of people with dyslexia on phonological activities. The phonological deficit it seen as a hypothesis, while it has a superior deal of experimental sustains, it is a theoretical hypothetical suggestion, and something that we dont know definitely exists. During the 1970s and 1980s visual deficit explanations were left behind; psychologists gradually adopted a phonological deficit model of dyslexia, debating that reading difficulties reflect on the key problems with language processing. Although the phonological deficit explanation is still widely researched and very popular, there has been a reappearance of attention in the idea that there may be a primary visual deficit that could explain difficulties in learning visual-phonological association. It would be misleading to assume either that visual-perceptual and phonological problems must be equally limited, or to believe that all people with specific reading difficulties are similar. The difference in the ‘clinical image of dyslexia (at either the behavioural or the cognitive level of Friths model) does not in fact rule out some common underlying ‘cause at the biological level. The difficult connection between biology and environment means that the same biological ‘problem can result in different cognitive and behavioural consequences for different people. It is suggest that people with reading difficulties fall into one of three subtypes, depending on the underlying cause of their problem: phonology group, (slow naming) rate group, double deficit group. Because the most common outline of action recommended for children with reading difficulties focuses on improving phonological awareness, support for different type of cognitive deficit in dyslexia is significant. If visual processing deficits do engage in recreating an imperative task, or if there are rate and double deficit subtypes, then training in phonological understanding alone would be i mprobable to address all reading difficulties. It is seen that the cognitive reason ‘explain various behavioural signs of dyslexia. Nevertheless, yet when engaged together, dyslexia cannot be explained completely, nor its inconsistency among individuals. As Frith implies, cognitive account taken in separation are incomplete; biological explanations should also be considered. There has also been awareness on turning to the potential task of the cerebellum in dyslexia. Cerebellum is very important for motor coordination and planning but also is now recognised to engage in a vital part in cognitive development, mainly in the ‘rote learning, for example being able to learning the alphabet and multiplication tables ‘of by heart. Referring to frith model, emphasise on the fact that variability at the behavioural or the cognitive level (e.g. phonological or visual problems) needs not to be taken out single primary source at the biological level. It is perfectly likely that microscopic differentiation in brain architecture could have dissimilar effects according to the exact brain areas affected. ‘Environment is frequently used to refer to only social or non-biological influences. Yet still, it actually also refers to the biological, cognitive and behavioural environments that people might be exposed to. Referring back to Friths framework, it can be recalled that the environment can be greatly involved in each deficit perspectives. An example of biological environmental influences is a dietary deficiency, such as inadequate use of fatty acids. It can be said that home environment can influence reading development, yet also school environments also can influence reading development of children with dyslexia. Like for example children are always in the process of being exposed to different methods of reading instructions and it is discussed and questioned that some instructional methods can in fact avoid reading difficulties.

The History and Importance of Personal Hygiene Essay -- Health, Wellne

Personal hygiene is a major part of your everyday life. It includes brushing your teeth, taking a shower, applying deodorant, wearing clean clothes, cooking your food properly, and washing your hands when necessary. There are many different types of hygiene and different ways of doing them. The types of hygiene are food and cooking hygiene, medical hygiene, and personal hygiene, there is even such a thing as excessive hygiene. Excessive hygiene may cause allergic diseases. Some parts of the body like the ear canal, or inside of the vagina are mostly better left alone for the body's own cleaning systems. Also, excessive application of soaps, creams, and ointments can adversely affect certain of the body's natural processes. For example, soaps and ointments can reduce the skins natural protective oils, and some substances can be absorbed and, even in trace amounts, disturb natural hormonal balances. The ear canals are an example of a self cleaning part of your body. So they have a per fectly functioning cleaning system of their own, and don't normally need assistance. Actually, attempt...

Factors Of National Philosophy Of Education Education Essay

What is National Philosophy of Education. National Philosophy of Education stands for Education in Malaysia is an on-going attempt towards further developing the potency of persons in a holistic and incorporate mode, in order to bring forth persons who are intellectually, spiritually, emotionally and physically, balanced and harmoniously, based on a steadfast belief in and devotedness to God. Such an attempt is designed to bring forth Malayan citizens who are knowing and competent, who possess high moral criterions and who are responsible and capable of accomplishing a high degree of personal well being to lend to the improvement of the state, household and society. The NPE has been build by Ministry of Education since the twelvemonth of 1988. The experts of instruction had tried their best to set in all the NPE into their course of study taught in every topic in school. 1.1- Elementss in National Philosophy of Education ( NPE ) There are besides elements in the execution of NPE. First and first, component in NPE is instruction as an on-going attempt. Education is the procedure of reassigning and geting of cognition, accomplishments and baronial values. Education normally implemented for kids since they at an early age which is 1 to 6 old ages old. Then, it will be continued by the school to heighten cognition, accomplishments and character. For case, if a pupil merely finished his SPM scrutiny, he will seek for an excess category such as computing machine category. The new cognition that he receives will help him to accommodate to many types of alterations. Following, development of person ‘s potency besides one of the elements in the NPE. As we know, everyone is born with concealed endowment and abilities but they do non recognize it on their ain. However, the concealed endowment and abilities can be detected through societal interaction. For illustration, if a pupil discourse his work with a spouse to do an essay, he likely can indicate out superb thought that can give high Markss to the essay. Other than that, the component in NPE is belief and devotedness to God. Every individual must acknowledge the being of God and belief in Him as the Godhead of the existence. In fact, everyone besides has to bring forth good workss and actions. For case, Muslim people believe in ‘syurga ‘ which is the topographic point to remain afterlife. In order to come in the ‘syurga ‘ , they have to do good things and workss while they are alive. 1.2- Factors of National Philosophy of Education Other than component, NPE besides has it ‘s ain ground why it is implemented in the instruction system. First and first, the factor that determines NPE is spiritual factor. This factor can be seen through citation â€Å" Produce persons who are intellectually, spiritually, emotionally and physically balanced and harmonious, based on a steadfast belief and devotedness to God † . As we know, Malaysia is a multiracial and multi faith state but Islam has to be the official faith. However, other faith such as Christian, Buddhist and Hindu is free to encompass. Another factor that determines NPE is the societal factor which can be seen through citation â€Å" to bring forth Malayan citizen that are capable of accomplishing a high degree of personal well being to lend to the improvement of the state, household and society † . Malaysia is a peaceable state which have a assortment of races live here. Cooperation and tolerance from assorted citizens are really of import in order to populate in harmoniousness and prosperity in Malaysia. Therefore, through the right pattern, we are able to make the stableness of society. Last, economic factor besides is one of the grounds in finding NPE. Malaysians presents are trained with particular accomplishment in many sorts of field to upgrading their productiveness. Such an purpose can be accomplished with the production of persons who are knowing and competent, responsible and capable to lend towards the improvement of the state, household and society. The mark of Malaysia to be economically strong state becomes the major factor in the national instruction on the NPE. 2.0- National Curriculum In add-on, national course of study besides altering to accomplish NPE ‘s aims. National course of study is â€Å" An educational plan that includes course of study and co-curricular activities which encompasses all the cognition, accomplishments norms, values, cultural elements and beliefs to assist develop an single to the full with regard to the physical, religious, mental and emotional every bit good as to instill and develop desirable moral values aˆâ€ ¹aˆâ€ ¹and to convey cognition † . 2.1- KLSR, KBSR, KSSR Education in Malaysia started before the Malaysia addition independency in 1957. Informal instruction normally takes topographic point as a medium for Malay people get cognition because deficiency of instructors to learn them. In order to better the instruction in Malaysia, instruction act and several systems of instruction has been built by the authorities to bring forth knowing citizens. Education in Malaysia was started from Education Act in the twelvemonth of 1961. Harmonizing to Shidota ( 2010 ) , â€Å" The instruction act is the forming from the Rahman Talib Report 1960 † . Sekolah Kebangsaan is unfastened for every race while Sekolah Jenis Kebangsaan is merely provided for Indian and Chinese people. Then, Old Curriculum for Primary Schools ( KLSR ) was built as a system of instruction in Malaysia. Old Curriculum for Primary Schools ( KLSR ) implemented since the state gained independency. In 1960, a Subjects Review Committee has been established to be known as the Rahm an Talib Report. The Rahman Talib Report has suggested some facets of instruction. The Rahman Talib study is so tabled in Parliament and passed which was so implemented in the Education Act 1961. Harmonizing to Rahman Talib Report, all pupils must go through in Bahasa Melayu public scrutiny, in which the written scrutiny documents. By utilizing the Malay linguistic communication, it aims to further integrity among the assorted cultural groups. In KLSR, the instruction is old-oriented and emphasis on memorising acquisition. In add-on, organisation in category is arranged utilizing the traditional schoolroom agreement. Traditional schoolroom is a topographic point for a group of pupils ‘ lessons delivered by instructors utilizing the old-oriented instruction. In traditional schoolroom, the pupils are really inactive and receive anything teacher Teach. In 1982, New Primary School Curriculum ( KBSR ) was implemented as a new instruction system that replaced KLSR. KBSR execution follows the alterations made by the Report of the Cabinet Committee on Implementation of Education Policy issued in 1979. KBSR is aimed to finish all scholars with basic accomplishments and cognition of the topics. In KBSR, co-curriculum activity and Primary School Assessment Test ( UPSR ) are mandatory. In 1993, New Primary School Curriculum changed to the name of the new Integrated Primary School Curriculum. However, merely the name alterations have occurred. The course of study content is still the same as before. KBSR program besides emphasizes the command of basic accomplishments 3M of reading, composing and arithmetic. In 2010, Standard Primary School Curriculum ( KSSR ) replaced Integrated Primary School Curriculum as a new system of instruction in Malaysia. KSSR divides subject into 3 faculties which are Core Basic Module, Basic Module Themes and Elective Basic Module. For degree 1 which is twelvemonth 1-2, learning focal points on authorship, reading, numbering and menakul ( 4M ) . While, for degree 2 which are twelvemonth 3-6, learning emphasis on the application of 4M. One of the aims of KSSR is to make advanced persons. Until now, KSSR is still ongoing as the system of instruction in Malaysia. It is more towards practical and less nerve-racking for instructors and pupils. 3.0- Schemes For The Realization Of NPE 3.1- School ‘s function: The school should play a large function to accomplish the National Philosophy of Education ‘s aims. First, the most of import facet is the facet of school socialization. Some call the school clime. School civilization must include the five elements found in the National Education Philosophy which is religious, rational, emotional, physical and societal. The religious component is by understanding the importance of faith without faith against another. An illustration is to make a school civilization that patterns reading the Quran every forenoon and obligatory supplications in fold. All pupils besides must cover themselves. It will edify pupils of its duties in maintaining faith and ego regard. Indirectly will bring forth students with competent, honest, responsible and capable of accomplishing wellbeing. From a physical component besides is to supply school installations that are comfy, warm and contributing environment that promotes learning and larning. It will excite pupils ‘ involvement in prosecuting cognition. It is in line with the Doctrine of Education which is to bring forth pupils who flourish in harmoniousness and complete in footings of religious, physical, emotional, rational and societal Further, in the rational component, schools must promote socialization cognition among pupils and instructors. The school can form academic plans such as NILAM plan. It will advance a civilization of reading among pupils. Spirit kids to read is besides increasing with the award as NILAM award. Through reading, pupils ‘ heads are more developed and students are able to believe creatively and critically. It is in line with the Doctrine of Education to bring forth Malayan citizens who are knowing. 3.2- Teachers ‘ function: Other than school, instructors besides should play their function to develop NPE ‘s aims in pupils. First and first, instructors as pedagogues should hold even more committed to the execution of activities to accomplish the aspirations contained in NPE. Next, teach the pupil with the handiness of new cognition that instructors have prepared to implement new instruction and larning schemes in order to make a harmonious and balanced human intellectually, spiritually, emotionally and physically. 3.3- Student ‘s function: The aim of NPE can besides be developed by the attempt from pupils. In every acquisition session, pupils should demo active acquisition and engagement. They besides can develop independency, self-discipline and work out jobs. Besides, pupils may get down using critical thought accomplishments and do an action. Critical thought is really of import in Mathematicss capable. Therefore, pupils have to develop it on their ain to do a improvement believing in their action. 4.0- School Activity This NPE has been used in every school in Malaysia to develop the pupils cognitive, affectional and psychomotor ( physical ) with other potencies ( JERIS ) in pupils. Normally, the school will transport out activities to win the aims of NPE. In order to acquire more specific about activities that had been done with school and instructors, I had interviewed a Headmaster, Senior Assistant and a school instructor at Sekolah Kebangsaan Bukit Jana. After I interview all of them, I had found that many interesting activities that has been organized by the school and instructor. Before making any activities in school, the schoolmaster makes a commission which is organized earlier before school starts and led by her. Each commission has 4 director which are schoolmaster, pupil personal businesss helper, administrative helper and course of study helper. 4.1- Sport ‘s Day The first activity held in the school is Sport ‘s Day. Sport ‘s Day normally held in the month of March. There are many activities in Sport ‘s Day that will be contested such as 800m tally and javelin throw. This activity is aimed to bring forth pupils that are talented and active. Every pupil in the school will be taking portion in each activity in Sport ‘s Day. Their engagement will lend points to their contribute point for several group. From this Sport ‘s Day, pupils will go more courageous to seek take parting in any activities that held anytime. 4.2- Interaction Day Second, Interaction Day is held in school to use the NPE aim. In the Interaction Day, parents will come to school to take their kid ‘s study card and it has to be taken from the schoolroom instructor. When the parents receive the study card, they can look at the consequence and inquire any inquiry sing their kid in category. During the interaction, parents can cognize the truth behaviour of their kid at school. In fact, they besides will cognize whether their kid to the full go to his category or non. Through this activity, pupils will go more hardworking in their survey. They will work hard to acquire lying colourss in scrutiny and do their parents proud of themselves. 4.3- Parents and Teacher Association Following activity held in school is Parents and Teacher Association. This activity is conducted by the schoolmaster and helped by the Teacher Assistants in the school. Parents will come to the meeting to discourse of import things sing the school or pupils. This activity aims for betterment the school ‘s failings. For illustration, if the school is non stress on subject, parents can kick about it. The school besides can acquire suggestion from parents on the improvement of the transmutation in the school. Furthermore, the activity besides gives a opportunity for school to inquire aid from parents to do an excess category for pupils. This is due to the deficiency of instructor to go to an excess category at school. At the terminal of this session, direction of the school will go better in the hereafter. In fact, the school besides can make any motivational encampment that requires payment to the organiser because the school will have some support from the parents. Therefore, pu pils can have more new thoughts about their surveies from the motivational encampment. 4.4- Excellence Award Day Other than that, there is besides an Excellence Award Day which will be held at the terminal of the twelvemonth. This activity is held to increase the pupils ‘ spirit to analyze hard. When pupils see an first-class pupil walk on a phase and have a coil of certification, they will experience challenged and get down to work hard. In this activity, the school will take the top 15 pupils in every category to take a certification on the phase. Through this activity, pupils will vie reasonably without aching anyone. They will analyze to accomplish the best grade in the scrutiny. They besides will get down to believe positively because they know they can success in the scrutiny and crush the individual who already walk on the phase. 4.5- Collaborative Activity Last, to accomplish NPE aims, the school besides held a collaborative activity. During the collaborative activity, instructors will affect along with the pupils. This activity is aimed for cooperation between pupils and people around. Besides that, it besides to fasten the relationship between pupils and instructors. Apart from that, this activity besides aims to convey consciousness to pupils about the importance of hygiene. At the terminal of the activity, the school will be able to bring forth school can bring forth pupils with a cleansing agent and diligent aid. Students will larn the significance of regard with each other. For illustration, immature pupils will honour pupils older than him. Students are besides more concerned about hygiene while analyzing. 5.0- Classroom Activity 5.1- Storytelling In category, the instructor besides makes some activities for pupils to develop NPE aims. One of the activities that the instructor does in the schoolroom is narrative stating. In the narrative stating activity, the instructor will pick 3 pupils to state their narrative in forepart of the category. Time given to each pupil is about 3 proceedingss. The ground why this activity held in category is to further develop pupils ‘ endowments in storytelling. Storytelling competition can besides supply chances for pupils to portion cognition and larn right vocabulary. Hopefully, this activity will bring forth pupils who are non diffident to seek something new. In add-on, the usage of proper grammar can besides be nurtured. Through the usage of proper grammar, pupils are able to reply exam inquiries successfully. 5.2- Group Discussion Next, other activity in category that the instructor has been carried out is group treatment. Before group treatment starts, the instructor will split all pupils in a group and each group contains about 5 pupils. This activity is to allow the pupils discuss the reply on their ain. It besides conducted to give pupils exposure to a batch of thoughts. They can besides discourse and give sentiments on the reply to be determined. At the terminal of this activity, pupils will be more comfy to socialise with other schoolmates. They would non experience left out because of the interaction between schoolmates were running. In add-on, this activity besides gives the feeling of person who seldom communicate in the schoolroom. For illustration, if a pupil is introverted in a category, the other pupils will state that he was an chesty pupil. However, after this activity traveling on, they will cognize that the pupils are non chesty but he is really friendly. 5.3- Spelling Bee Apart from that, instructors besides carry out the Spelling Bee activity. This activity involves all pupils in the category. An Activity of the Spelling Bee is intended to rectify spelling has ever been a job in school. It is besides to avoid any confusion in the spelling of a word. This activity will bring forth pupils who are able to spell the word right. This is so because, many pupils are confused to distinguish spelling Malay and English. For illustration, pupils will be entered for spelling televisyen to telecasting. In add-on, pupils ‘ vocabulary can besides be corrected during the activity period. 5.4- Mind Mapping and Brainstorming Besides that, instructors besides conduct Mind Mapping and Brainstorming activity in category. This activity must be participated by all pupils in the category. The purpose of this activity is to acquire an thought in finishing pupil ‘s prep. For illustration, if a pupil wants to make his essay, he can non compose it right because he does non hold thoughts to finish it. Sometimes, the chief point besides is non related to the inquiry. This activity was hoped that pupils can hold mature thought of doing a good essay. It besides will bring forth pupils who are originative. Other than that, mind function and brainstorming besides can assist pupils in work outing job. 5.5- Quizes Last, the instructor held a Quiz session to accomplish NPE ‘s aims. As usual, this activity requires all pupils to take part in it. This is due to the pupils who do non like to finish his prep. As a replacing, the instructor will do a short quiz before she starts a new lesson. At the terminal of the activity, pupils will be more prepare to read earlier to go through the quiz. Furthermore, this activity besides will construct pupils ‘ assurance degree in order to finish the quiz before clip is up. It besides can be alteration for pupils before the scrutiny hebdomad. 6.0- Decision In decision, the school has conducted many interesting activities such as Sport ‘s Day, Interaction Day, Parents and Teachers Association, Excellence Award Day and Collaboration Activity. While, the instructor has made a motion by doing activities in the schoolroom. The activities are Spelling Bee, Storytelling, Group Discussion, Mind Mapping and Brainstorming and Quizes. All the activities that had been done are appropriate to develop NPE ‘s aims in pupil. The activities besides received encouraging response from the pupils. 7.0- Appendix Interview Form Name: Position: School: Interviewed by: Siti Nur Syaima binti Badrul Azam â€Å" Education in Malaysia is an on traveling attempt towards further developing the potency of persons in a holistic and incorporate mode, in order to bring forth persons who are intellectually, spiritually, emotionally and physically, balanced and harmoniously, based on a steadfast belief in and devotedness to God. Such an attempt is designed to bring forth Malayan citizens who are knowing and competent, who possess high moral criterions and who are responsible and capable of accomplishing a high degree of personal well being to lend to the improvement of the state, household and society. † The national course of study of the school reflects the aims of national Philosophy of instruction ( NPE ) . By implementing the course of study efficaciously in schools, it can develop the pupils cognitive, affectional and psychomotor ( physical ) with other potencies ( JERIS ) in pupils. By this, the establishments can bring forth ‘insan theoretical account ‘ as for the future coevalss. What 5 activities that school carried out to visualize/insist the aim of NPE? 1- _________________________________________ Why? Does the activity must be carried out by all pupils? What are the merchandises at the terminal? 2- ________________________________________ Why? Did parents give support in this activity? For illustration fund. How can it be applied in pupils ‘ day-to-day modus operandi? 3-________________________________________ Why? Does this activity involve pupils in the school or foreigner? How this activity aid in developing the pupils psychomotor? 4- ________________________________________ Why? Do pupils react good in the activity? In the hereafter, does this activity will alter a small spot so that it will go more happening? 5- _______________________________________ Why? Does instructors ‘ function is of import in the activity? What is merchandise did the activity reflect to the pupils? Interview Form Teacher ‘s name: School ‘s name: Interviewed by: Siti Nur Syaima binti Badrul Azam The national course of study is an educational plan that includes course of study and co-curricular activities which encompasses all the cognition, accomplishments norms, values, cultural elements and beliefs to assist develop an single to the full with regard to the physical, religious, mental and emotional every bit good as to instill and develop desirable moral values aˆâ€ ¹aˆâ€ ¹and to convey cognition. From the definition above, it is clear that the national course of study reflects the aims of national doctrine of instruction ( NPE ) . As a instructor, what are the instruction activities that being focused/carried out in schoolroom to realize the National course of study in the advancement of modeling the pupil ‘s behaviour and believes. 1- Scope? Reason? Merchandise? 2- Why? Did pupils collaborate together in this activity? How much clip is given to the pupils to finish the activity? 3- Why? Did pupils ever acquiring bored with this activity? What are the terminal merchandises of the activity? 4- Reason? How many pupils take part? What is the pupils ‘ reaction towards this activity? 5- Why? How many frequent this activity held in category? What is the merchandise at the terminal of the session?